学习的战略意义有三个方面(斯特林，2004)。首先是给予学生更大的学习自主权，目的是增强他们的责任感、领导能力和创造力，需要发展灵活的、以学生为中心的课程。第二种是将概念应用到实际问题情境中，要求在学习者的参与下，就问题的存在和性质达成一致。最后是下放更多的责任和权力给学生。第三个目标是让学习者更好地了解现实，并要求评估程序，鼓励他们进行独立的探究，而不是通过考试。任何制度中的个人和体制改革都必须得到新的奖励、结构和联系的支持。其中一些可以由个别机构承担;其他方面则需要在政策层面采取更协调的行动。在资源重新分配、对专业人员的认可和奖励、培训和推广方面，需要政策层面的干预。然而，改变个人行为和态度、支持性领导和创建联盟和支持需要个人的考虑。为了恢复生态平衡，可持续农业是时代的需要，必须适应不同的环境。由于不同经济体的自然、人力和基础设施资源不同，优势不同，机遇和挑战也不同，因此，为有效地采用可持续农业而进行体系倾斜是必然的。从而对现有制度进行演化，使其与可持续农业相适应，发挥制度安排的关键作用。支持农民、市场和其他利益相关者的转型需要新的安排。这些安排不能从一种制度复制到另一种制度，因此必须按照该制度进行定制，以取得更高的成功和更好的结果。上述引用的案例表明了对一种概念的采纳以及使其适合当地需要，也表明了对建议的行动的采纳。进一步的参与性方法，确保地方社区以更大的灵活性和自由化参与农业不同方面的决策和实施，将确保向可持续做法的顺利过渡。
澳洲环境学assignment代写 学习的战略
The strategic implications for learning are threefold (Sterling, 2004). The first is greater learning autonomy for students, which aim is to enhance their responsibility, leadership and creativity and requires the development of flexible, learner-centred curricula. The second is focused on applying concepts to real problem situations and requires to reach agreement in identifying the existence and nature of the problem, with the learners’ participation. And the last is devolving more responsibility and power to students. The third aims to enable learner to understand realities better and requires assessment procedures which encourage them to pursue independent inquiry, rather than passing examinations.The personal and institutional changes in any system must be supported by the adoption of new incentives, structures and linkages. Some of these can be taken on by individual institutions; others require more coordinated action at policy level. Policy level interventions are required for resource reallocation, recognition and rewards for professionals, training & extension. Whereas, individuals consideration are required for changing personal behaviour and attitude, supportive leadership and creating alliances and support.Sustainable agriculture is the need of the hour and has to be adapted in different contexts for restoring ecological balance. As different economies have different natural, human and infrastructural resources, different strengths, opportunities and challenges, therefore it becomes inevitable for them to incline their system in order to effectively adopt sustainable agriculture. So as to evolve the existing system and make it compatible with sustainable agriculture institutional arrangements play a crucial road. Supporting farmers, market and other stakeholders for transformation needs new arrangements. These arrangements cannot be copied from one system to another, hence customising them as per the system has to be practised for higher success and better results. Above quoted cases indicates towards adoption of a concept as well as suiting it to local needs and also indicates towards recommended actions. Further participatory approaches ensuring involvement of local communities in decision making and implementation in different aspects of agriculture with greater flexibility and liberalisation will ensure smooth transition to sustainable practices.
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